The mucociliary transport system consists of a layer of ciliated epithelial cells, with an aqueous layer and gel layer.
Ciliated Epithelial Cells - each cell has many hair-like structures on its surface called cilia. The cilia beat within the aqueous layer.
Aqueous Layer - a thin layer of low-viscosity fluid. The cilia protrude upwards through the aqueous layer on the forward stroke to engage the mucus. Curling back within the fluid on the backwards stroke, releasing the mucus. This action moves the mucus upwards. The depth of this layer is critical for effective cilial movement.
Gel Layer - floats on top of the aqueous layer where it traps contaminants and is moved from the airways by the cilia. The moisture content of the mucus is important as dry mucus cannot be moved.
Gas Conditioning and Heat and Moisture Recovery
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