In a healthy airway, gas is heated and humidified by the upper airway during inspiration and fully saturated with water vapor at core body temperature (typically 37 °C, 44 mg/L H2O ) when it reaches the distal airways.1 However, during invasive ventilation, the upper airway is bypassed, along with its natural airway protection and humidification mechanisms. Therefore, heating and humidifying gases while this treatment is being delivered is crucial.1,2
A newborn’s respiratory system is reliant on humidity to maintain physiological balance, assist natural defense mechanisms and conserve energy for growth and development.
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